Managing Livestock Health During Winter: Preventing Stress and Illness in the Cold

When the temperature drops, your animals feel the effects just as much as you do. Winter can be a challenging season for farmers and livestock owners — not just because of the cold, but because of the extra care animals need to stay healthy and productive. With a few smart management steps, you can help prevent stress, illness, and weight loss throughout the season.

1. Recognize Signs of Cold-Weather Stress

Animals under cold stress often eat more but still lose weight, shiver, or become lethargic. Horses may stand hunched with their tails tucked, while cattle or goats might huddle closely for warmth. Catching these signs early helps you adjust their environment and feed before bigger problems develop.

2. Feed for Warmth and Energy

Livestock burn more calories in cold weather. Increasing roughage — such as hay — helps animals generate body heat naturally. Ensure feed is fresh, dry, and accessible. Providing free-choice minerals and supplements also supports immune function during stressful months.

3. Keep Water Clean and Unfrozen

Hydration is critical. Use heated waterers or buckets to prevent freezing, and clean them regularly to avoid bacteria buildup. Dehydration can lead to reduced feed intake and health complications, especially in cattle and horses.

4. Provide Proper Shelter and Bedding

Windbreaks, dry bedding, and draft-free shelters go a long way in keeping animals comfortable. Make sure barns and coops are well-ventilated to reduce ammonia and moisture, which can trigger respiratory problems.

5. Stock Up for Winter Success

From heated buckets to mineral blocks, high-quality hay, and bedding — a little preparation makes all the difference. Stop by your local feed store for supplies and advice to keep your herd, flock, or stable healthy through the winter.